1968 - 2018年海上运输50年回顾

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1968 - 2018年海上运输50年回顾
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1.0 Introduction and Editorial Overview ........................................................................ 1
2.0 Review of Maritime Transport – A Historical Perspective ...................................... 3
2.1 Introduction—UNCTAD and Shipping ..................................................................... 3
2.2 Seaborne Trade Volume and Structure .................................................................. 4
2.3 Users and Suppliers of Shipping Services—Shipper/Carrier Relations ..................12
2.4 Ports ......................................................................................................................30
2.5 Sustainable and Climate-Resilient Maritime Transport...........................................34
2.6 References ............................................................................................................35
3.0 Invited Essays and Reflections by Distinguished Persons ...................................37
3.1 The Perspective of a Global Maritime Transport Regulatory Agency .....................37
Future Developments in Maritime Transport ..........................................................37
3.2 The Perspective of Trade and Cargo Interests ......................................................39
A Shippers’ Perspective .........................................................................................39
L’évolution des transports maritimes dans les prochaines années .........................41
3.3 The Perspective of the Shipping Industry...............................................................44
Backwards and Forwards—Emerging from a 10-Year Shipping Downturn? ..........44
3.4 The Perspective of the Port Industry ......................................................................46
What Will Shape the Port Sector in the Next 50 Years? .........................................46
3.5 A Maritime Transport Economist’s Perspective ......................................................49
Are We Smart Enough to Build a New Future for Maritime Transport? ..................49
3.6 An Academic Perspective ......................................................................................52
Maritime Trade and Transport—An Outlook on the Issues and a Reflection on the
Implications for Education and Research ...............................................................52
4.0 How is the Future of Maritime Transport Expected to Evolve? ............................55
4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................55
4.2 Technologies, Existing and in Development ..........................................................57
4.3 Regulatory Policies and Changes Anticipated .......................................................66
4.4 Factors Beyond Business and Government Control ..............................................73
4.5 Future Scenarios for Consideration .......................................................................75
4.6 What Lies Ahead for RMT? ...................................................................................78
4.7 References ............................................................................................................79
5.0 Review of Maritime Transport: The Way Forward ..................................................83

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