2015年世界死亡率报告（World Mortality Report 2015）

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2015年世界死亡率报告（World Mortality Report 2015）
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CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE...................................................................................................................................................... III
EXPLANATORY NOTES ................................................................................................................................... VIII
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................... 1
I. GLOBAL LEVELS AND TRENDS IN MORTALITY ...................................................................................................... 5
A. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5
B. Life expectancy at birth................................................................................................................................ 7
C. Child mortality ............................................................................................................................................. 13
D. Adult mortality ............................................................................................................................................. 19
E. Old-age mortality ......................................................................................................................................... 23
F. Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................. 27
II. DETERMINANTS OF INEQUALITIES IN INFANT AND EARLY CHILDHOOD MORTALITY ............................................. 29
A. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 29
B. Theoretical framework and major hypotheses ............................................................................................... 31
C. Data and methods of Analysis…………………………………………….………….................................... 32
D. Results……………………………………………………………………………………............................. 35
E. Discussion…………………………………………………..……………………………. ............................. 50
III. POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS FOR POPULATION HEALTH ......................... 53
IV. REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................................ 57
V. ANNEX TABLES: SUMMARY MORTALITY INDICATORS IN 1950-2015, BY COUNTRY OR AREA................................ 63